Bridge-abutment.



PATBNT'BD APR. 23, 19o?.

A. 0. CUNNINGHAM. BRIDGE ABUTMENT.

MPLIOATION FILED JULYQ, 1904.

\ near the inner side of stantially continuous concrete and metal and has for its principal UirnrnnN *srarns earner ernten.

NDREWO. CUNNINGHAM, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO DANIEI E. GARRISON AND ALBERT L. JOHNSON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI saines-Amritsar.

No. 851,408. Specification of Letters Patent.

.Application filed July 5, 1904. serai No. 215.215.

Patented April 23, 1.907.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRW O. CUNNING- HAM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of St. Louis and State of issouri, have invented a new 'and useful Improvement in Bridge-Abutments, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to constructions of` portion of this mass are embedded a series of. bars or other reinforcing metal. Preferably corrugated bars of the form illustrated in Fig. 1 and fully described in an application of A. L. Johnson for Letters Patent therefor N o. 194,362, filed February 19, 1904, are used for reinforcing the several portions of the construction. The face wall has two series of bars embedded therein near the outer face thereofthe bars 5 of one series being arrangedhorizontally and those 6 of the other series being arranged \;fertically. In like mannerl the footing has two series of reinforcing bars embedded therein near both its upper and lower surfaces, the bars 7 of one series near each surface being arranged longitudinally and the bars 8 of the other series being arranged transversely. Either series of bars may be'dis ensed with or all of the bars may be lacedpnear the upper or lower surface, the istribution of the with the com uted stresses to ing will be su jccted.

The rear ends of the transverse walls inoline upwardl to the parapet WallV which is built up bac of the bridge scat. These transverse walls'have reinforcing metal `embedded therein near their rear faces. The bars in the transverse walls are thus arreinforcing objects to adapt this style of construction for use for' abutments, piers, dams, walls and similar constructions; also tovsecure a maximum .strength of structure with the greatest economy of labor and material. i

It consists principally in forming the abuty ment or other construction with hollow; spacessurrounded wholly or in part with metal-reinforced concrete; it also consists in the arrangement and distribution of the concrete and metal hereinafter described.

In `the accompanying ldrawng, which forms part of this specification, and wherein like symbols refer to-like parts wherever they ocour,`Fi ure 1 is a rear elevation of an abutment eIn odying my invention; Fig. 2`is a plan thereof; Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section thereof; Fig. 4 is a detail of a reinforcing bar My abutment is` built of concrete reinforced with metal bars arranged to take up the tensile stresses therein. This construct'ion comprises` a footing 1, a face' wall 2 ranged with considerable upward inclination built near the outer side thereof and walls 8 and preferably these bars are continued at transverse to said face Wall and extendino to their respective ends into the footing and to said lfooting. the top of the parapet wall. inner side of the footing extends inl a Sub- The slab of concrete, which line nearly parallel with the face wall, whe'reby the footing is continuous between the transverse Walls. The abutment is preferably provided with wings 4 arranged at an angle in accordance Wit 'conirnon practice and strengthened With transverse walls resting on the footing.

All ofthe walls are made of concrete, and aef'built up in the usualV centering or false Work. The face wall and the wings preferabl have the usual batter. The transverse Wa ls are of such thickness and` extend backwardly from the face Wall to such a distance face wall and over the transverse walls, its as may be necessary to support the load or load isfdistributed over all said walls. Y stress to `which they are subjected. The bviously, the construction hereinbefore tops of the several walls are decked over by a described .admits of considerable modificaslab of concrete which forms the bridge seat tion without de arting from my invent-ion or top portion of the abutment. Inthelower and I do not wis i to be limited to such spears varyin which the footdecks over transverse walls and forms the top portion of the abutment and the bridge seat 10, slightly overhangs the face wall and has on its rear vedge the parapet wall 9. This deck wall has a series of reinforcing bars embedded near its lower surface and extending longitudinally thereof and another series of such bars similarly embedded near the upper surface of that portion thereof, which forms the bridge seat. Thus the bridge seat is strongly reinforced and, extending as it does woll back of the the spaces between the face wall and the IOO cie ,construct-ion.' Thus, for instance, y.the

construction is applicable for piers, dams, retaining Walls and other similar constructions. ln some cases it may be desirable to' have an enclosing 7vvall arranged transversely at the rearl end of the transverse Walls. So,

too, the distribution of the reinforcing metal may vary accolrding to the distribution of stresses calculaed in each structure.

What l claim is:

l. An abutment consisting of a footing, a

A.Face Wall andtransverse strengthening Walls on said footing, a slab ot' concrete resting on said iace wall and extending` back of the saine onto and over said transverse walls, a parapet Wall on said slab, the remaining portion ci said slab forming a bridge seat vex tending onto the transverse Walls Well beyond the face Wall, metal re-inloroing bars embedded in said slab and extending longitudinally thereof over the spaces between said transverse Walls, and other such bars extending longitudinally thereo' under the Whole extent of the bridge seat.

2. An abutment ot metal re-intorced concrete consist-ing of a footing', a ace Wall thereon, walls arranged on said footing transversely to said face Wall and a deckv Wall upon the tace Wall extending rearwardlythereotl over on, walls arranged on said'footing transversely` to said i'ace Wall and a decl: Wall overhanging the face ufall and extending rearwardly thereor over the transverse vvalls and having a parapet wall on its rear edge, the portion of" the deck `ivall in ront oi' the parapet Wall constituting abridge seat.

4. A concrete abutment comprising a foot-k ing, a face Wall thereon, Walls arrangedon said footing transversely to said face Wall; a deck vvall` extending over the upper ends of said face and transverse Walls, a parapet Wall i l vertically inclined reinforcing bars embedded in the rear edges of the transverse` walls vvand extending up through the parapet Wall. v

5. An abutment consisting of a footing, a face Wall thereon, Walls arranged on'said tooting Itransversely to said lace Wall, a deck 'Wall on the top of and integral With Said i'ace -Wall and having a portion thereof formed 'into a Abridge seat, which extends beyondthe face Wall Well out onto said transverse Vface Walls for the purpose set orth,.and a parapet Wall along the rear edge of the deckwall.

6. An abutment consisting of fa footing, a facevvall and transverse stren'gtheningv Walls on said footing, a slab of concrete resting' on said face Wall and having a portion thereof Jr`or1ned`into a bridge seat which 'extends back of the tace Wall out onto said transverse Wall 'for the purpose specifiedand a parapet wall along 'the supporting Walls and having metal re-inforcingl bars embedded longitudinally therein abovethe spaces between said transverse Walls.

St. Louis, Mo., July 2, 1904. ANDREW O. CUNNNGHAM.

`Witnesses lJos. J. MARX,

J. B. MEGOWN.

rear edge of the bridge seat, said` concrete slab being formed integral with its 

